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Ápµ¸§@ªÌ¡G¸­¯À¬Â¡A¥x¥_¥«Ã¹´µºÖ¸ô¥|¬q¤@¸¹¡A°ê¥ß¥xÆW¤j¾Ç¤ß²z¾Ç¨t¡C¹q¤l¶l¥ó«H½c: suling@ccms.ntu.edu.tw

 


Configurational structure and orthographic priming of Chinese character

 

                        Su-Ling Yeh   Jing Ling Li

                        Department of Psychology

                        National Taiwan University

 

Three experiments were conducted to examine the role of Chinese character structure in orthographic priming. Characters with five structure types (Horizontal, Vertical, L-shaped, P-shaped and Enclosed) as empirically established by Yeh et al. (1997, 1999a,b) were either served as the target (Experiment 1) or as the prime (Experiment 2), and were each paired with Horizontal characters in a priming task. When the results were compared with those from the naming task of a single character with various structures (Experiment 3), they were very similar in that characters with the Enclosed structure consistently rendered the worst performance, whereas no difference were found between characters with the other structure types. These results indicate that the previous orthographic priming effect (Yeh & Li, 2000) was obtained through the repetition blindness of the identical or structural component between the prime and the target, but not through their similarity in the configurational structure of the whole character. 

 

Keywords: orthographic priming task, structure, naming task, repetition blindness

 
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¹êÅçµ{§Ç¡C¨ü¸ÕªÌ§¤¦b¤@­Ó¹êÅç«Ç¤º¡A­Ó§O¶i¦æ¹êÅç¡C¹êÅçªÌÁ¿¸Ñ§¹«ü¾É»y«á¡AÅý¨ü¸ÕªÌ½m²ß¡A«Ý½T©w¨ü¸ÕªÌ½T¹êÁA¸Ñ¹êÅç­n¨D«á¤è¶i¦æ¥¿¦¡¹êÅç¡C¦b¨C­Ó¹Á¸Õ¦¸¤¤¡A­º¥ý·|¦b¿Ã¹õ¥¿¤¤¥¡¥X²{¤@­Ó¾®µø¹Ï§Î¡A1¬í¤§«á§e²{«Pµo¦r¡A«ùÄò51ms©Î187ms¤§«á¡AÀH§Y¥X²{¥Ø¼Ð¦r¡A¥Ø¼Ð¦r«ùÄò§e²{51ms¤§«á§Y¬°¾B½ªÂø°T©Ò¨ú¥N¡A¦p¹Ï¤@¡]A¡^©Ò¥Ü¡C¨ü¸ÕªÌ³Q­n¨D¦b¤@±i§@µª¯È¤W«ö·Ó¨â¦r¥X²{ªº¥ý«á¶¶§Ç¼g¤U«Pµo¦r»P¥Ø¼Ð¦r¡A¼g§¹¤§«á«öÁä½L¤WªºªÅ¥ÕÁäÄ~Äò¤U¤@¦¸¹Á¸Õ¡C±Ä¨ú³o¼Ëªº¹êÅçµ{§Ç¬O¬°¤F»PYeh and Li (2000) ªº¹êÅç¤TBªºµ{§Ç¬Û¦P¥H¸ê¤ñ¸û¡C¦b¥¿¦¡¹êÅ礧«e¦³24¦¸½m²ß¡A¥¿¦¡¹êÅç®É¨C30¦¸¹Á¸Õ¤§«áµy§@¥ð®§¡A§¹¦¨¾ã­Ó¹êÅç¬ù»Ý20-30¤ÀÄÁ¡C

 

µ²ªG»P°Q½×

¹Ï¤G©Ò¥Ü¬°¤­²Õµ²ºc°t¹ï±¡ªp¤¤¡A©Ò¦³¨ü¸ÕªÌ¹ï¡]A¡^«Pµo¦r»P¡]B¡^¥Ø¼Ð¦rªº¥­§¡¥¿½T²v¹ïSOAªº¨ç¼Æ¹Ï§Î¡Aªí¤@«h¦C¥X¦U±¡ªp¤U©Ò±oªº¥­§¡¥¿½T²v¡C

­º¥ý¡A¹ï«Pµo¦rªº¥¿½T²v°µ¤G¦]¤lÅܲ§¼Æ¤ÀªR (ANOVA, ³¯¾Ç§Ó»P¾G¬L©ú¡A1999)Åã¥Ü¡A«Pµo¦r»P¥Ø¼Ð¦rªº¤­²Õµ²ºc°t¹ï¶¡¨ÃµLÅãµÛ®t²§¦s¦b¡AF (4, 88) < 1¡ASOAªº¥D­n®ÄªG«h¹FÅãµÛ¡AF (1, 22) = 61.03¡Ap< 0.0001¡C¥Ñ©ó«Pµo¦r³£¬O¬Û¦Pµ²ºcªº¤ô¥­¦r¡A¦]¦¹¦b¤£¦Pµ²ºc°t¹ï¤¤¨ü¸ÕªÌ³ø§i¥X¦P¼Ë¬O¤ô¥­µ²ºcªº«Pµo¦r¤§¥¿½T²v¨Ã¨S¦³®t²§¡A¦ý¬O·í«Pµo¦r§e²{ªº®É¶¡·Uªø¡A¯à¥¿½T³ø§i¥X«Pµo¦rªº¤ñ²v´N·U°ª (¦b51msªº¥¿½T²v¬°90.58%, 187ms«h¬°98.70%)¡C

¥»¹êÅç¯u¥¿¦³¿³½ì¥B­«­nªºµ²ªG¬O¦b©ó¤£¦Pµ²ºcªº¥Ø¼Ð¦r¤§¶¡¥¿½T²vªº®t²§¡C´N¥Ø¼Ð¦rªº¤G¦]¤lÅܲ§¼Æ¤ÀªRÅã¥Ü¡A¤­²Õµ²ºc°t¹ï¦³ÅãµÛªº¥D­n®ÄªG¡]F (4, 88) = 10.60¡Ap < .0001¡^¡A¦ýSOA¨ÃµLÅãµÛ®ÄªG¡]F(1, 22) = 0.168¡Ap = 0.69)¡A¦Óµ²ºc°t¹ï»PSOA«h¦³ÅãµÛªº¥æ¤¬§@¥Î¡]F (4, 88) = 11.84¡Ap < .0001¡^¡CTukey¨Æ«á¤ñ¸ûÅã¥Ü¡Aµ²ºc°t¹ïªº®t²§Åã²{¦bH-E²Õ»P¨ä¥L¥|²Õªº®t²§¤W¡]p < .01¡^¡C

²³æ¥D­n®ÄªG¤¤¡AH-H²Õ¡]F (1, 110) = 3.95¡Ap < .05¡^¡BH-V²Õ¡]F (1, 110) = 5.90¡Ap < .05¡^»PH-E²Õ¡]F (1, 110) = 26.90¡Ap < .0001¡^¦b¤£¦PªºSOA¤U¦³®t²§¡CH-H²Õ»PH-V²Õªº¥¿½T²vÀHSOA¼W¥[¦Ó¼W¥[ ¡]¤À§O¬°83.33% ¼W¨ì89.86%»P87.32% ¼W¨ì95.29%¡^¡AH-E ²Õªº¥¿½T²v«hÀHSOA¼W¥[¦Ó¤U­° (¥Ñ84.42% ­°¨ì67.39%)¡C

¦bSOA¬°187msªº±¡ªp¤U¡A¤­²Õµ²ºc°t¹ïªº®t²§¹FÅãµÛ¡]F (4, 176) = 21.49¡A p < .0001¡^¡A51ms¤U«h§_¡]F (4, 176) = 0.71¡A p = 0.59¡^¡CTukey¨Æ«á¤ñ¸ûÅã¥Ü¡A187ms SOAªº±¡ªp¤U¡A¤­²Õªº®t²§Åã²{¦bH-E²Õ»P¨ä¥L¥|²Õªº®t²§¤W¡]p < .01¡^¡C¦b¦¹±¡ªp¤U¡AH-E²Õªº¥Ø¼Ð¦r¥¿½T²v¬°67.39%¡AÅãµÛ§C©ó¨ä¥L¥|²Õ¡C

ªí¤@

¹êÅç¤@¡]A¡^«Pµo¦r»P¡]B¡^¥Ø¼Ð¦r¦b¤­ºØµ²ºc°t¹ï±¡ªpªº¥­§¡¥¿½T²v¡]¢H¡^

¡]A¡^

«Pµo¦r

 

 

 

 

 

SOA

H-H

H-V

H-P

H-L

H-E

¥­§¡­È

51ms

89.13

89.49

93.12

89.49

91.67

90.58

98.70

 

187ms

_¥­§¡­È

99.64

97.83

98.91

99.64

97.46

94.39

93.66

96.02

94.57

94.57

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

¡]B¡^

¥Ø¼Ð¦r

 

 

 

 

 

 

SOA

H-H

H-V

H-P

H-L

H-E

¥­§¡­È

51ms

83.33

87.32

87.32

83.70

84.42

85.22

86.02

 

187ms

89.86

95.29

90.22

87.32

67.39

¥­§¡­È

86.60

91.31

88.77

85.51

75.91

                    

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              H-H > H-L > H-V > H-P > H-E

¦]¦¹¦pªG¦³³æ¯Â¥Ñµ²ºc¬Û¦ü©Ê¤j¤p©Ò¤Þµo¤£¦Pµ{«×ªº«Pµo®ÄªG¡A¦Ó¥B¬O§í¨î®ÄªGªº¸Ü¡A«h¥Ø¼Ð¦rªº¥¿½T²vÀ³¸Ó¬O¨Ì¦¹±Æ§Ç¥Ñ§C¦Ü°ª¡C¤Ï¤§¡A¦pªG¬O¬Û¦ü©Ê·U°ª¥¿¦V«Pµo®ÄªG·U±jªº¸Ü¡A«h¥Ø¼Ð¦rªº¥¿½T²vÀ³¸Ó¬O¨Ì¦¹±Æ§Ç¥Ñ°ª¦Ü§C¡CµM¦Ó¡A¥Ñ¤W­z¹ï¥Ø¼Ð¦rªº¥¿½T²v¤ÀªRÅã¥Ü¡A¤­²Õµ²ºc°t¹ï¶¡¥u¦³H-E²Õ»P¨ä¥L¦U²Õ¦³ÅãµÛ®t²§¡A¦Ó¥B¬OÅãµÛ§C©ó¨ä¥L¦U²Õ¡C³o¼Ëªºµ²ªGÅã¥Ü¡AµL½×©Ò¹w´úªº«Pµo®ÄªG¬O¥¿¦Vªº©Î­t¦V¡]§í¨î¡^ªº¡A³£¤£¤ä«ù¦³¥Ñµ²ºc¬Û¦ü©Ê®t²§¦Ó¤Þµo¤£¦Pµ{«×ªº«Pµo®ÄªG¤§°²³]¡C

¨º»ò¡A¦³¨S¦³¶È²Ê²¤ªº¤G¤À²§ºc²Õ»P¦Pºc²Õ¦b«Pµo®ÄªG¤Wªº®t²§©O¡H·í«Pµo¦r§e²{51ms®É¡A¤­²Õµ²ºc°t¹ï¤§¶¡¨Ã¨S¦³®t²§¡F¦Ó·í«Pµo¦r§e²{187ms®É¡A¯à¥¿½T³ø§i¥X¥Ø¼Ð¦rªº¤ñ²v´N¦³ÅãµÛªº¤£¦P¡C¨ä¤¤H-E²Õªº¥¿½T²v³Ì§C¡A¦ý¨ä¥L¥|²Õ¶¡¨ÃµLÅãµÛ®t²§¦s¦b¡C¥Ñ¦¹¬Ý¨Ó¡A§Y«K¬O¦Pºc²Õ»P²§ºc²Õ¦³®t§O¡A¥D­nªº®t²§¨Ó·½¤]¥u¬O¨Ó¦Û©óH-E²Õ¡C³o¼Ëªºµ²ªG¤]³\¬O¦]¬°¥]³ò¦r¥»¨­ªº¯S©Ê¡A¨Ï±o·í¨ä¦¨¬°¥Ø¼Ð¦r®É¿ëÃѸû®t¡A¦Ó»P¦b¨ä¤§«e¬O§_¦³¤@«Pµo¦r©Ò²£¥Íªº«Pµo®ÄªGµLÃö¡C

¥t¥~¤@­Ó¥i¯à©Ê¬O¡A¥Ø¼Ð¦r¥u§e²{51ms¡A¦Ó¾B½ªÂø°Tªº§Îª¬¸ò¥]³ò¦rªº¥~³ò¦ì©ó¿Ã¹õ¤W¬ù¬Û¦Pªº¦ì¸m¡A¦b«Pµo¦r»P¥Ø¼Ð¦r§e²{®É¶¡¤ñ­È®t²§Åܰª (187ms : 51ms) ªº±¡§Î¤U¡A¥]³ò¥Ø¼Ð¦r¤§«á°¨¤W±µµÛ¾B½ªÂø°T¡A¾É­P§ó¤£©ö¿ëÃѩҭP¡C¬°¤FÀËÅçH-E²Õªº®ÄªG¨Ã«D¨Ó¦Û©ó«Pµo¦r»P¥Ø¼Ð¦r¤§¶¡ªºµ²ºcÃö«Y¡A¦Ó¬O¥]³ò¦r¥»¨­ªº¯S©Ê¥H¤Î¨ä»P¾B½ª¨ë¿E¤¬¬Û¤zÂZªº°²³]¡A¹êÅç¤G±N¹êÅç¤@¤¤ªº«Pµo¦r»P¥Ø¼Ð¦r¤¬´«¡A¥ç§Y±N¤£¦Pªºµ²ºc¦r©ñ¦b«Pµo¦rªº¦ì¸m¡A¦Ó¥Ø¼Ð¦r§ï¦¨³£¬O¤ô¥­¦r¡A¥H±´°Q¤£¦Pµ²ºc¦r¥Î¨Ó«Pµo¤ô¥­¥Ø¼Ð¦rªº®ÄªG¡C

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¥»¹êÅç±Ä¥Î»P¹êÅç¤@¬Û¦Pªº¨ë¿E»P§@·~¡A¦ý¬O±N¥Ø¼Ð¦r»P«Pµo¦rªº¦ì¸m¤¬´«¡A¥HÅçÃÒ¹êÅç¤@ªºµ²ªG¬O§_·½¦Û©ó¥]³ò¦r¥»¨­´N¸ûÃø¿ëÃÑ¡A¨Ã¥B¥]³ò¦r¯S§O®e©ö¨ü¨ì¾B½ªÂø°T¤zÂZ¡A¾É­PH-E²Õ¦bSOA¬°187ms¤U¥¿½T²v¯S§O§Cªº½t¬G¡C

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¨ü¸ÕªÌ¡C¥t¥~25¦ì»P¹êÅç¤@¨Ó·½¬Û¦Pªº¨ü¸ÕªÌ°Ñ»P¥»¹êÅç¡C

¹êÅç³]­p¡B¨ë¿E»Pµ{§Ç¡C¥»¹êÅ窺³]­p¡B¨ë¿E»Pµ{§Ç¬Ò»P¹êÅç¤@¬Û¦P¡A°ß¤@¤£¦Pªº¥u¬O±N­ì¥»ªº«Pµo¦r»P¥Ø¼Ð¦r¤¬´«¡A©Ò¥H¤­ºØ«Pµo-¥Ø¼Ð¦rµ²ºc°t¹ï¤À§O¬°H-H¡BV-H¡BP-H¡BL-H¡B»PE-H¡C¹êÅçµ{§Ç¦p¹Ï¤@¡]B¡^©Ò¥Ü¡C

µ²ªG»P°Q½×

¹Ï¤T©Ò¥Ü¬°¤­²Õµ²ºc°t¹ï±¡ªp¤¤¡A©Ò¦³¨ü¸ÕªÌ¹ï¡]A¡^«Pµo¦r»P¡]B¡^¥Ø¼Ð¦rªº¥­§¡¥¿½T²v¹ïSOAªº¨ç¼Æ¹Ï§Î¡Aªí¤G«h¦C¥X¦UºØ±¡ªp¤Uªº¥­§¡¥¿½T²v¡C

ªí¤G

¹êÅç¤G(A)«Pµo¦r»P(B)¥Ø¼Ð¦r¦b¤­ºØµ²ºc°t¹ï±¡ªpªº¥­§¡¥¿½T²v¡]¢H¡^

(A)

«Pµo¦r

 

 

 

 

 

 

SOA

H-H

V-H

P-H

L-H

E-H

¥­§¡­È

51ms

76.33

84.33

76.67

64.33

59.00

72.13

 

187ms

  99.00

99.33

99.67

99.67

99.00

99.33

 

¥­§¡­È

87.67

91.83

88.17

82.00

79.00

 

 

 

(B)

¥Ø¼Ð¦r

 

 

 

 

 

SOA

H-H

V-H

P-H

L-H

E-H

¥­§¡­È

51ms

86.00

90.33

86.33

86.33

90.67

87.93

187ms

92.67

93.33

97.33

94.67

94.00

94.40

 

¥­§¡­È

89.34

91.83

91.83

90.50

92.34

 

 

 

´N«Pµo¦rªº¥¿½T²v°µ¤G¦]¤lÅܲ§¼Æ¤ÀªRÅã¥Ü¡A¥D­n®ÄªG¤¤µ²ºc°t¹ï¡]F (4, 96) = 23.34¡Ap < .0001¡^»PSOA¡]F (1, 24) = 44.67¡A p < .0001¡^ÅãµÛ¡A¥æ¤¬§@¥Î¤]ÅãµÛ¡]F (4, 96) = 20.87¡Ap < .0001¡^¡CTukey¨Æ«áÀË©wÅã¥Üµ²ºc°t¹ïªº®t²§¥D­n¬O¨Ó¦Û©óL-H²Õ¤ÎE-H²Õ»P¨ä¥L¤T²Õªº®t²§¡C²³æ¥D­n®ÄªG¤ÀªR«hÅã¥Ü¡A¦bH-H²Õ¡]F (1, 120) = 24.99¡Ap < .0001¡^¡BV-H²Õ¡]F (1, 120) = 10.94¡Ap < .001¡^¡BP-H²Õ¡]F (1, 120) = 25.73¡Ap < .0001¡^¡BL-H²Õ¡]F (1, 120) = 60.72¡Ap < .0001¡^¡BE-H²Õ¡]F (1, 120) = 77.82¡Ap < .0001¡^µ¥±¡ªp¤U¡ASOAªº®ÄªG³£¹FÅãµÛ¡F187msªº¥¿½T²v³£°ª©ó51ms¡C¦Ó¤­²Õµ²ºc°t¹ïªº®t²§¥u¦³¦bSOA¬O51ms¡]F (4, 192) = 44.05¡Ap < .0001¡^ªº±¡ªp¤U¹FÅãµÛ¡CTukey¨Æ«áÀË©wÅã¥Ü¦b51msªºSOA¤U¡A¤­²Õªº®t²§¬O¦b©óL-H²Õ¤ÎE-H²Õ»P¨ä¥L¤T²Õ¤§¶¡¡AÁÙ¦³V-H²Õ»PH-H²Õ¡BP-H²Õ¶¡ªº®t²§¡C¦b187ms SOA ªº±¡ªp¤U¡A¤­²Õµ²ºc°t¹ïªº«Pµo¦r¥¿½T²v³£¹F99%¥H¤W¡A¨ÃµLÅãµÛ®t²§¦s¦b¡C

¹ï¥Ø¼Ð¦rªº¥¿½T²v§@¤G¦]¤lÅܲ§¼Æ¤ÀªRÅã¥Ü¡A¥u¦³SOAªº¥D­n®ÄªGÅãµÛ¡]F (1, 24) = 11.54¡Ap < .001¡^¡ASOA·Uªø«h¥¿½T²v·U°ª¡]87.93% vs. 94.40%¡^¡C¤­²Õµ²ºc°t¹ïªº®t²§¤£ÅãµÛ¡]F (4, 96) = 1.23¡Ap = .33¡^¡Aµ²ºc°t¹ï»PSOA¤§¶¡¤]¨S¦³¥æ¤¬§@¥Î¦s¦b¡]F (4, 96) = 2.25¡Ap = .069¡^¡C

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¾G¬L©ú (1981)¡Cº~¦rªº»{ª¾¾úµ{¡C¡u¤¤µØ¤ß²z¾Ç¥Z¡v¡A23¡A137-153.

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